浮雕是在平面的底板上對(duì)立的人物和景物等用壓縮的方法加以塑造，它的視覺(jué)形體尺寸比例長(zhǎng)寬不變，前后的尺寸(厚度)要壓縮稱(chēng)為浮雕。在壓縮的基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用形體凹凸的面，以及受光所造成的明暗幻覺(jué)、透視關(guān)系來(lái)表現(xiàn)它的立體感和空間感。浮雕雕塑操作時(shí)的處理方法可分為幾類(lèi):

Relief is the compression method used to mold the opposite characters and scenery on the flat bottom plate. Its visual body size ratio is the same as the length and width, and the front and back size (thickness) should be compressed, which is called relief. On the basis of compression, it uses the concave convex surface of the body, the light and dark illusion caused by light, and the perspective relationship to express its sense of three-dimensional and space. The treatment methods for the operation of relief sculpture can be divided into several categories:

①高浮雕，形狀較厚，壓縮比不大，高點(diǎn)到低點(diǎn)的面間距大。古代石窟具有高浮雕。這種形式的浮雕適合室內(nèi)使用。

① High relief, thick shape, small compression ratio, and large surface spacing from high point to low point. Ancient Grottoes have high relief. This form of relief is suitable for indoor use.

②戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期“昭陵六馬”古雕和希臘巴泰神廟的裝飾浮雕，雖然體積相當(dāng)厚實(shí)，但壓縮比比較大，形狀波動(dòng)不大。距離很小。這種浮雕形式適用于建筑裝飾和紀(jì)念性應(yīng)用。

② Although the ancient carvings of "six horses in Zhaoling" and the decorative relief carvings of the Greek Batai temple in the Warring States period are quite thick, their compression ratio is relatively large and their shape fluctuates little. The distance is very small. This form of relief is suitable for architectural decoration and commemorative applications.

③銀幣和獎(jiǎng)?wù)律鲜褂玫母〉窕炯庸し椒ㄏ嗤?，但由于面積小，也做薄，高低面很小，通常稱(chēng)為低浮雕，或薄浮雕。

③ The basic processing method of relief used on silver coins and medals is the same, but due to the small area, it is also thin, and the high and low surface is very small, which is usually called low relief, or thin relief.

④文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期，吉佩爾蒂在佛羅倫薩洗禮堂兩扇門(mén)上的浮雕非常大，采用了繪畫(huà)透視法，稱(chēng)為透視浮雕。

④ During the Renaissance, gipperti used a very large relief on the two doors of the Florence Baptistery, which was called perspective relief.

⑤我國(guó)民間浮雕包括以上幾種浮雕，有散光透視和焦點(diǎn)透視，加工方法豐富多彩。

⑤ Chinese folk relief includes the above several kinds of relief, including astigmatism perspective and focus perspective, and the processing methods are rich and colorful.

另外，山東浮雕雕塑廠(chǎng)家提醒各位，浮雕初學(xué)者容易遇到的問(wèn)題：壓縮不當(dāng)，比如圓雕被切成兩半（厚）貼在底板上的問(wèn)題。因此，掌握浮雕的規(guī)則是很有必要的。

In addition, Shandong relief sculpture manufacturers remind you of the problems that beginners of relief sculpture are likely to encounter: improper compression, such as the round sculpture being cut into two halves (thick) and pasted on the bottom plate. Therefore, it is necessary to master the rules of relief.

①輪廓要準(zhǔn)確，更換塑料粘土?xí)r，要反復(fù)修正修正。

① The contour shall be accurate. When replacing plastic clay, it shall be corrected repeatedly.

②確認(rèn)高點(diǎn)和低點(diǎn)，高點(diǎn)是浮雕的突出部分，接近我們視點(diǎn)的部分。低點(diǎn)一般不超過(guò)壓花底板平面，不能控制進(jìn)泥底板。

② Confirm the high point and low point. The high point is the protruding part of the relief, which is close to our viewpoint. The low point generally does not exceed the plane of the embossed bottom plate, and the mud inlet bottom plate cannot be controlled.

③將主層次和面的方向分開(kāi)，面的方向以車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)為準(zhǔn)。

③ Separate the main layer from the direction of the face, and the direction of the face shall be subject to the body structure.

④浮雕物體靠近視線(xiàn)的部分壓縮較少，遠(yuǎn)離視線(xiàn)的部分壓縮較多。

④ The part of the relief object close to the line of sight is compressed less, and the part away from the line of sight is compressed more.

⑤高低浮雕來(lái)自比較，如面的水平、體積、方向等要相互比較。透視關(guān)系與平面轉(zhuǎn)彎的關(guān)系一目了然。這樣一來(lái)，即使不提泥，也會(huì)覺(jué)得高，不控制低，就會(huì)覺(jué)得深。

⑤ High and low reliefs come from comparison. For example, the level, volume and direction of the surface should be compared with each other. The relationship between perspective and plane turning is clear at a glance. In this way, even if you don't mention the mud, you will feel high. If you don't control the low, you will feel deep.

⑥光在浮雕中很重要，要利用表面與光的虛幻關(guān)系。還要注意藝術(shù)的視覺(jué)效果。

⑥ Light is very important in relief. We should make use of the illusory relationship between surface and light. Pay attention to the visual effect of art.

浮雕的邊緣應(yīng)保持一定的厚度。它是根據(jù)形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)確定的。它必須是圓形的，并且不應(yīng)看起來(lái)像被切成兩半并附在粘土板上。有必要在平面上盡量表現(xiàn)體積感和空間感。.注重整體關(guān)系，注理狀態(tài)的刻畫(huà)。

The edges of the relief shall be kept to a certain thickness. It is determined by shape and structure. It must be round and should not appear to be cut in half and attached to a clay board. It is necessary to show the sense of volume and space on the plane as much as possible Pay attention to the overall relationship and the depiction of psychological state.

浮雕應(yīng)在直立（垂直）或略微傾斜一或二十度的支架上進(jìn)行，不應(yīng)平放。這使用光來(lái)創(chuàng)建陰影來(lái)檢查形狀。

The relief shall be carried out on an upright (vertical) or slightly inclined bracket of one or twenty degrees, and shall not be placed horizontally. This uses light to create shadows to check the shape.

浮雕是雕塑的一種表現(xiàn)形式，是雕塑學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中不可缺少的一門(mén)課程，所以如果您有相關(guān)問(wèn)題要了解或者說(shuō)，您有定制雕塑的需求可以關(guān)注網(wǎng)站1111tk.cn來(lái)聯(lián)系我們咨詢(xún)事宜！

Relief is a form of expression of sculpture and an indispensable course in the process of sculpture learning. Therefore, if you have relevant questions to understand or you have a need for customized sculpture, you can follow the website www.aswjc Com to contact us for consultation!